Muaj ob ntu hauv emulsifier molecule uas yog hydrophilic thiab lipophilic. Muaj peb hom raws li cov yam ntxwv ntawm lawv cov ntu hydrophilic.
Ua ntej, ib qho tsis zoo ionic emulsifier. Cov emulsifier xws li carboxylate, sulfate, sulfonate lossis cov zoo li uas muaj peev xwm ntawm ionizing ib pawg anionic hydrophilic muaj pawg alkyl lossis pawg aryl hauv dej. Cov emulsifiers feem ntau yog siv, thiab cov khoom lag luam muaj ntau tshaj plaws: pancreas, sodium stearate, calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate thiab cov zoo li. Tsis zoo ion emulsifiers yuav tsum tau siv nyob rau hauv alkaline lossis nruab nrab cov neeg mob thiab yuav tsum tsis txhob siv nyob rau hauv cov kab mob acidic. Thaum siv ntau yam emulsifiers los tsim emulsions, cov tsis zoo ion emulsifiers tuaj yeem tsis meej pem rau ib leeg, thiab tseem tuaj yeem tov nrog nonionic emulsifiers. Cov nyom ion thiab cov ion zoo tsis tuaj yeem siv rau hauv ib lub emulsion tib lub sijhawm, yog tias tsis meej pem, nws yuav rhuav tshem qhov kev ruaj ntseg ntawm emulsion.
Thib ob, qhov ua kom zoo ion emulsifier. Rau cov ionization ntawm hydrophilic ion pawg muaj pawg alkyl lossis aryl pawg hauv dej. Cov emulsifiers no muaj ntau yam me me thiab yog ib qho tib neeg ntawm amines, xws li N-dodecyldimethylamine, uas tuaj yeem siv rau polymerization cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Thib peb, nonionic emulsifiers. Emulsifier manufacturers yog cov chav kawm tshiab ntawm emulsifiers uas tsis yuag hauv dej. Nws cov ntu hydrophilic yog ntau hom pawg ncov qaum, thiab polyoxyethylene ethers thiab polyoxypropylene ethers tau muaj ntau. Nws oleophilic moiety yog kev ncaj qha ua ke nrog ib qho kev txuas oxygenethylene ether. Cov pa oxygen atom ntawm cov kab polyether ntawm cov nonionic emulsifier tuaj yeem hydrogen-sib khi rau dej thiab yog li tuaj yeem yaj nyob hauv dej. Nws tuaj yeem siv nyob rau hauv cov kab mob acidic raws li muaj nyob hauv qab alkaline, thiab cov txiaj ntsig emulsification tau zoo heev. Nws yog dav siv hauv kev tsim tshuaj lom neeg, textiles, tshuaj tua kab, roj av thiab latex.
